Versions
AC 61-65K is current; 61-65J and 61-65H are cancelled
The FAA revises AC 61-65 regularly, and a lot of endorsement references online still point at the cancelled 61-65J or even 61-65H editions. If you are writing or checking an endorsement today, use AC 61-65K.
| Edition | Date | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| AC 61-65K | November 14, 2025 | Current | Adds MOSAIC sport pilot changes, simplified flight controls endorsements, and removes the light-sport aircraft terminology. |
| AC 61-65J | October 30, 2024 | Cancelled | Superseded by AC 61-65K. Do not use 61-65J endorsement numbering for new references. |
| AC 61-65H | 2018 | Cancelled | Two editions out of date. Endorsement texts and numbering have changed since. |
What changed in AC 61-65K
- Sport pilot sections updated for the MOSAIC final rule (90 FR 35034), including expanded sport pilot privileges.
- The terms “light-sport aircraft” and “LSA” were replaced with “aircraft” to match the removal of the LSA definition from 14 CFR § 1.1, effective October 22, 2025.
- New sample endorsements were added for sport pilots: flight training at night, manual controllable pitch propeller, and retractable landing gear.
- Simplified flight controls explanations and sample endorsements were added (A.95 and A.96).
- An additional airplane or helicopter category or class on a sport pilot certificate now requires a practical test.
The official document is on the FAA website: AC 61-65K (PDF). Always verify against the current AC before relying on any endorsement text, including this page.
Format
What every logbook endorsement must include
AC 61-65K Appendix A is explicit about the required elements. Whatever the endorsement says, it is not complete without:
- The endorsement text itself, legible, in the pilot's logbook or another record acceptable to the FAA
- The instructor's signature
- The date of the signature
- The CFI or ground instructor certificate number
- The flight instructor recent experience (RE) end date, or the certificate expiration date, as applicable
The instructor may optionally include a printed name. The sample signature formats in the AC look like this:
/s/ [date] J. J. Jones 987654321CFI RE 12-31-2026
/s/ [date] J. J. Jones 987654321CFI Exp. 01-31-2025
/s/ [date] J. J. Jones 987654321 (ground instructor)
The first format is for a flight instructor certificate without an expiration date (showing the recent experience end date), the second for a certificate with an expiration date, and the third for a ground instructor.
The library
All 96 current FAA endorsements
The sample texts below are reproduced from AC 61-65K, Appendix A, with the FAA's A-numbers so you can cross-reference the source. Square brackets mark the fields the instructor fills in. Use the copy button, replace the bracketed placeholders, and add the signature elements listed above.
Practical test prerequisites
A.1Prerequisites for practical test: 14 CFR § 61.39(a)(6)(i) and (ii).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received and logged training time within 2 calendar months preceding the month of application in preparation for the practical test and they are prepared for the required practical test for the issuance of [applicable] certificate.
A.2Review of deficiencies identified on airman knowledge test: 14 CFR § 61.39(a)(6)(iii), as required.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has demonstrated satisfactory knowledge of the subject areas in which they were deficient on the [applicable] airman knowledge test.
Student pilot endorsements
A.3Pre-solo aeronautical knowledge: 14 CFR § 61.87(b).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has satisfactorily completed the pre-solo knowledge test of 14 CFR § 61.87(b) for the [make and model (M/M)] aircraft.
A.4Pre-solo flight training: 14 CFR § 61.87(c)(1) and (2).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received and logged pre-solo flight training for the maneuvers and procedures that are appropriate to the [M/M] aircraft. I have determined they have demonstrated satisfactory proficiency and safety on the maneuvers and procedures required by 14 CFR § 61.87 in this or similar make and model of aircraft to be flown.
A.5Pre-solo flight training at night: 14 CFR § 61.87(o).
Flight training must be received within the 90-calendar-day period preceding the date of the flight.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received flight training at night on night flying procedures that include takeoffs, approaches, landings, and go-arounds at night at the [airport name] airport where the solo flight will be conducted; navigation training at night in the vicinity of the [airport name] airport where the solo flight will be conducted. This endorsement expires 90 calendar days from the date the flight training at night was received.
A.6Solo flight (first 90-calendar-day period): 14 CFR § 61.87(n).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training to qualify for solo flying. I have determined they meet the applicable requirements of 14 CFR § 61.87(n) and are proficient to make solo flights in [M/M].
A.7Solo flight (each additional 90-calendar-day period): 14 CFR § 61.87(p).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training to qualify for solo flying. I have determined that they meet the applicable requirements of 14 CFR § 61.87(p) and are proficient to make solo flights in [M/M].
A.8Solo takeoffs and landings at another airport within 25 nautical miles (NM): 14 CFR § 61.93(b)(1).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.93(b)(1). I have determined that they are proficient to practice solo takeoffs and landings at [airport name]. The takeoffs and landings at [airport name] are subject to the following conditions: [List any applicable conditions or limitations.]
A.9Solo cross-country flight: 14 CFR § 61.93(c)(1) and (2).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required solo cross-country training. I find they have met the applicable requirements of 14 CFR § 61.93 and are proficient to make solo cross-country flights in a [M/M] aircraft, [aircraft category].
A.10Solo cross-country flight: 14 CFR § 61.93(c)(3).
I have reviewed the cross-country planning of [First name, MI, Last name]. I find the planning and preparation to be correct to make the solo flight from [origination airport] to [origination airport] via [route of flight] with landings at [names of the airports] in a [M/M] aircraft on [date]. [List any applicable conditions or limitations.]
A.11Repeated solo cross-country flights not more than 50 NM from the point of departure: 14 CFR § 61.93(b)(2).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training in both directions between and at both [airport names]. I have determined that they are proficient of 14 CFR § 61.93(b)(2) to conduct repeated solo cross-country flights over that route, subject to the following conditions: [List any applicable conditions or limitations.]
A.12Solo flight in Class B airspace: 14 CFR § 61.95(a).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.95(a). I have determined they are proficient to conduct solo flights in [name of Class B] airspace. [List any applicable conditions or limitations.]
A.13Solo flight to, from, or at an airport located in Class B airspace: 14 CFR §§ 61.95(b) and 91.131(b)(1).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.95(b)(1). I have determined that they are proficient to conduct solo flight operations at [name of airport]. [List any applicable conditions or limitations.]
A.14Endorsement of U.S. citizenship recommended by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA): Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations (49 CFR) § 1552.15(c).
The flight instructor must keep a copy of the documents used to provide proof of citizenship for 5 years or make the following endorsement in the student’s logbook and the instructor’s logbook or other record used to record flight student endorsements with the following:
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has presented me a [type of document presented, such as a U.S. birth certificate or U.S. passport, and the relevant control or sequential number on the document, if any] establishing that they are a U.S. citizen or national in accordance with 49 CFR § 1552.7(a).
Additional student pilot endorsements (sport or recreational pilot certificates)
A.15Solo flight in Class B, C, and D airspace: 14 CFR § 61.94(a).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.94(a). I have determined they are proficient to conduct solo flights in [name of Class B, C, or D] airspace and authorized to operate to, from, through, and at [name of airport]. [List any applicable conditions or limitations.]
A.16Solo flight to, from, or at an airport located in Class B, C, or D airspace or at an airport having an operational control tower: 14 CFR §§ 61.94(a) and 91.131(b)(1).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.94(a)(1). I have determined that they are proficient to conduct solo flight operations at [name of airport located in Class B, C, or D airspace or an airport having an operational control tower]. [List any applicable conditions or limitations.]
Sport pilot endorsements
A.17Aeronautical knowledge test: 14 CFR §§ 61.35(a)(1) and 61.309.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required aeronautical knowledge training of 14 CFR § 61.309. I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] knowledge test.
A.18Taking flight proficiency check for different category or class of aircraft: 14 CFR §§ 61.309 and 61.311.
Note: Cannot be provided to applicants seeking an airplane or helicopter privilege. Must accomplish a practical test, 14 CFR § 61.321(b).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training in accordance with 14 CFR §§ 61.309 and 61.311 and have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] proficiency check.
/s/ [date] S. P. (Instructor name) 987654321 RE 12-31-2026
A.19Passing flight proficiency check for different category or class of aircraft: 14 CFR §§ 61.309 and 61.311.
Note: Cannot be provided to applicants seeking an airplane or helicopter privilege. Must accomplish a practical test, 14 CFR § 61.321(b).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has met the requirements of 14 CFR §§ 61.309 and 61.311, and I have determined them proficient to act as pilot in command of [category and class of] aircraft.
/s/ [date] S. P. (Instructor name) 987654321 RE 12-31-2026
A.20Taking sport pilot practical test: 14 CFR §§ 61.309, 61.311, and 61.313.
Note: The endorsement for a practical test is required in addition to the 14 CFR § 61.39 endorsements provided in endorsements 1 and 2 (see paragraphs A.1 and A.2).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the training required in accordance with 14 CFR §§ 61.309 and 61.311 and met the aeronautical experience requirements of 14 CFR § 61.313. I have determined that they are prepared for the [type of] practical test.
A.21Passing a sport pilot practical test: 14 CFR §§ 61.309, 61.311, and 61.313.
This endorsement is required by 14 CFR § 61.317 and is issued by an examiner.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has met the requirements of 14 CFR §§ 61.309, 61.311, and 61.313, and I have determined them proficient to act as pilot in command of [category and class of] aircraft.
/s/ [date] Examiner 987654321 RE 12-31-2026
A.22Passing a sport pilot practical test with a simplified flight controls limitation: 14 CFR § 61.45(g)(4)(ii).
This endorsement is required by 14 CFR § 61.45 and is issued by an examiner.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has successfully completed the practical test in [category/class/model] with simplified flight controls designation and is authorized to act as pilot in command in [aircraft category/class] limited to [aircraft model] with simplified flight controls designation.
/s/ [date] Examiner 987654321 RE 12-31-2026
A.23Class B, C, or D airspace; at an airport located in Class B, C, or D airspace; or to, from, through, or at an airport having an operational control tower: 14 CFR § 61.325.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.325. I have determined they are proficient to conduct operations in Class B, C, or D airspace; at an airport located in Class B, C, or D airspace; or to, from, through, or at an airport having an operational control tower.
A.24Aircraft that has a maximum speed in level flight with maximum continuous power (VH) less than or equal to 87 Knots Calibrated Airspeed (KCAS): 14 CFR § 61.327.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training in accordance with 14 CFR § 61.327(a) in a [M/M] aircraft. I have determined them proficient to act as pilot in command of an aircraft that has a VH less than or equal to 87 KCAS.
A.25Aircraft that has a VH greater than 87 KCAS: 14 CFR § 61.327.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training in accordance with 14 CFR § 61.327(b) in a [M/M] aircraft. I have determined them proficient to act as pilot in command of an aircraft that has a VH greater than 87 KCAS.
A.26Flight training at night: 14 CFR § 61.329.
I certify that [First Name, MI, Last Name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has received the required training at night in a [category and class] aircraft. I have determined they meet all of the requirements of 14 CFR § 61.329(a) and are proficient to operate as a sport pilot at night.
A.27To act as pilot in command (PIC) in an aircraft with retractable landing gear: 14 CFR § 61.331(a).
I certify that [First Name, MI, Last Name], [certificate number], has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.331(a) in an aircraft with retractable landing gear. I have determined that they are proficient in the operation of an aircraft with retractable landing gear when exercising their sport pilot privileges.
A.28To act as PIC in an airplane with a manual controllable pitch propeller: 14 CFR § 61.331(b).
I certify that [First Name, MI, Last Name], [certificate number], has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.331(b) in an airplane with a controllable pitch propeller. I have determined that they are proficient in the operation of an airplane with a controllable pitch propeller when exercising their sport pilot privileges.
Recreational pilot endorsements
A.29Aeronautical knowledge test: 14 CFR §§ 61.35(a)(1), 61.96(b)(3), and 61.97(b).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.97(b). I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] knowledge test.
A.30Flight proficiency/practical test: 14 CFR §§ 61.96(b)(5), 61.98(a) and (b), and 61.99.
The endorsement for a practical test is required in addition to the 14 CFR § 61.39 endorsements provided in paragraphs A.1 and A.2.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR §§ 61.98(b) and 61.99. I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] practical test.
A.31Recreational pilot to operate within 50 NM of the airport where training was received: 14 CFR § 61.101(b).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.101(b). I have determined that they are competent to operate at the [name of airport].
A.32Recreational pilot to act as PIC on a flight that exceeds 50 NM of the departure airport: 14 CFR § 61.101(c).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required cross-country training of 14 CFR § 61.101(c). I have determined that they are proficient in cross-country flying of 14 CFR part 61 subpart E.
A.33Recreational pilot with less than 400 flight hours and no logged PIC time within the preceding 180 calendar days: 14 CFR § 61.101(g).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required 180-day recurrent training of 14 CFR § 61.101(g) in a [M/M] aircraft. I have determined them proficient to act as pilot in command of that aircraft.
A.34Recreational pilot to conduct solo flights for the purpose of obtaining an additional certificate or rating while under the supervision of an authorized flight instructor: 14 CFR § 61.101(j).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.87 in a [M/M] aircraft. I have determined they are prepared to conduct a solo flight on [date] under the following conditions: [List all conditions which require endorsement (e.g., flight which requires communication with air traffic control (ATC), flight in an aircraft for which the pilot does not hold a category/class rating, etc.).]
A.35Class B, C, or D airspace; at an airport located in Class B, C, or D airspace; or to, from, through, or at an airport having an operational control tower: 14 CFR § 61.101(d).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.101(d). I have determined they are proficient to conduct operations in Class B, C, or D airspace; at an airport located in Class B, C, or D airspace; or to, from, through, or at an airport having an operational control tower.
Private pilot endorsements
A.36Aeronautical knowledge test: 14 CFR §§ 61.35(a)(1), 61.103(d), and 61.105.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training in accordance with 14 CFR § 61.105. I have determined they are prepared for the [name of] knowledge test.
A.37Flight proficiency/practical test: 14 CFR §§ 61.103(f), 61.107(b), and 61.109.
The endorsement for a practical test is required in addition to the 14 CFR § 61.39 endorsements provided in paragraphs A.1 and A.2.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training in accordance with 14 CFR §§ 61.107 and 61.109. I have determined they are prepared for the [name of] practical test.
Commercial pilot endorsements
A.38Aeronautical knowledge test: 14 CFR §§ 61.35(a)(1), 61.123(c), and 61.125.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.125. I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] knowledge test.
A.39Flight proficiency/practical test: 14 CFR §§ 61.123(e), 61.127, and 61.129.
The endorsement for a practical test is required in addition to the 14 CFR § 61.39 endorsements provided in paragraphs A.1 and A.2.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR §§ 61.127 and 61.129. I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] practical test.
Airline transport pilot (ATP) endorsements
A.40Restricted privileges ATP Certificate, Airplane Multiengine Land (AMEL) rating: 14 CFR § 61.160.
This certifying statement can only be provided by an authorized institution of higher education in accordance with its Letter of Authorization (LOA). Refer to AC 61-139, Institution of Higher Education’s Application for Authority to Certify its Graduates for an Airline Transport Pilot Certificate with Reduced Aeronautical Experience.
The [insert institution’s name] certifies that the recipient of this degree has successfully completed all of the aviation coursework requirements of 14 CFR § 61.160[(b), (c), or (d)] and therefore meets the academic eligibility requirements of 14 CFR § 61.160[(b), (c), or (d)].
A.41ATP Certification Training Program (CTP): 14 CFR § 61.153(e).
This endorsement is only provided by an approved training provider of an ATP CTP and is found on the graduation certificate a pilot receives following completion of that training in accordance with 14 CFR § 61.156. Refer to AC 61-138, Airline Transport Pilot Certification Training Program.
The applicant named above has successfully completed the Airline Transport Pilot Certification Training Program as required by 14 CFR § 61.156, and therefore has met the prerequisite required by 14 CFR § 61.35(a)(2) for the Airline Transport Pilot Multiengine Airplane Knowledge Test.
Instrument rating endorsements
A.42Aeronautical knowledge test: 14 CFR §§ 61.35(a)(1) and 61.65(a) and (b).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.65(b). I have determined that they are prepared for the Instrument–[airplane, helicopter, or powered-lift] knowledge test.
A.43Flight proficiency/practical test: 14 CFR § 61.65(a)(6).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.65(c) and (d). I have determined they are prepared for the Instrument–[airplane, helicopter, or powered-lift] practical test.
A.44Prerequisites for instrument practical tests: 14 CFR § 61.39(a).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received and logged the required flight time/training of 14 CFR § 61.39(a) in preparation for the practical test within 2 calendar months preceding the date of the test and has satisfactory knowledge of the subject areas in which they were shown to be deficient by the FAA Airman Knowledge Test Report. I have determined they are prepared for the Instrument–[airplane, helicopter, or powered-lift] practical test.
Flight instructor endorsements
A.45Fundamentals of instructing knowledge test: 14 CFR § 61.183(d).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required fundamentals of instruction training of 14 CFR § 61.185(a)(1). I have determined that they are prepared for the Fundamentals of Instructing knowledge test.
A.46Flight instructor aeronautical knowledge test: 14 CFR § 61.183(f).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.185(a)[(2) or (3) (as appropriate to the flight instructor rating sought)]. I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] knowledge test.
A.47Flight instructor ground and flight proficiency/practical test: 14 CFR § 61.183(g).
Note: The endorsement for a practical test is required in addition to the 14 CFR § 61.39 endorsements provided in endorsements 1 and 2 (see paragraphs A.1 and A.2).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.187(b). I have determined that they are prepared for the certificated flight instructor – [aircraft category and class] practical test.
A.48Flight instructor certificate with instrument–(category/class) rating/practical test: 14 CFR §§ 61.183(g) and 61.187(a) and (b)(7).
The endorsement for a practical test is required in addition to the 14 CFR § 61.39 endorsements provided in endorsements 1 and 2 (see paragraphs A.1 and A.2).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required certificated flight instructor - instrument training of 14 CFR § 61.187(b)(7). I have determined they are prepared for the certificated flight instructor - instrument–[airplane, helicopter, or powered-lift] practical test.
A.49Spin training: 14 CFR § 61.183(i)(1).
The spin training endorsement is only required of flight instructor airplane and flight instructor glider applicants.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.183(i) in [an airplane, a glider]. I have determined that they are competent and possess instructional proficiency in stall awareness, spin entry, spins, and spin recovery procedures.
A.50Helicopter Touchdown Autorotation: FAA-S-8081-7, Flight Instructor Practical Test Standards for Rotorcraft Category Gyroplane Rating.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received training in straight-in autorotations in a single engine helicopter and autorotation with turns in a single engine helicopter to include touchdown. I have determined that they are competent in instructional knowledge relating to the elements, common errors, performance, and correction of common errors related to straight-in autorotations in a single engine helicopter and autorotation with turns in a single engine helicopter.
Flight instructor with a sport pilot rating endorsements
A.51Fundamentals of instructing knowledge test: 14 CFR § 61.405(a)(1).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training in accordance with 14 CFR § 61.405(a)(1). I have determined that they are prepared for the Fundamentals of Instructing knowledge test.
A.52Sport pilot flight instructor aeronautical knowledge test: 14 CFR §§ 61.35(a)(1) and 61.405(a).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.405(a)(2). I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of the knowledge test].
A.53Flight instructor with a sport pilot rating flight proficiency check for additional category/class: 14 CFR §§ 61.409 and 61.419.
Note: Cannot be provided to applicants seeking an airplane or helicopter privilege. Must successfully accomplish a practical test per 14 CFR § 61.419(e).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training in accordance with 14 CFR §§ 61.409 and 61.419 and have determined that they are prepared for a proficiency check for the flight instructor with a sport pilot rating in a [aircraft category and class].
A.54Flight instructor with a sport pilot rating proficiency check completion endorsement for additional category or class privilege: 14 CFR §§ 61.409 and 61.419.
Note: Not applicable to the airplane or helicopter privilege. Must successfully accomplish a practical test per 14 CFR § 61.419(e).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has successfully completed a proficiency check in accordance with 14 CFR §§ 61.409 and 61.419. I have determined that they are proficient and authorized for the additional [aircraft category and class] flight instructor privilege.
A.55Flight instructor with a sport pilot rating practical test endorsement: 14 CFR §§ 61.409 and 61.411.
An endorsement is required in addition to the 14 CFR § 61.39 endorsements provided in paragraphs A.1 and A.2.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.409 and met the aeronautical experience requirements of 14 CFR § 61.411. I have determined that they are prepared for the flight instructor with a sport pilot rating practical test in a [aircraft category and class].
/s/ [date] S. P. [Instructor name] 987654321 RE 12-31-2026
A.56Flight instructor with a sport pilot rating practical test completion endorsement: 14 CFR §§ 61.409 and 61.411.
This endorsement is required by 14 CFR § 61.417 and is issued by an authorized evaluator.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has met the requirements in accordance with 14 CFR §§ 61.409 and 61.411 and successfully completed the practical test. I have determined that they are proficient and authorized for the [aircraft category and class] flight instructor privilege.
/s/ [date] S. P. [Examiner name] 987654321 RE 12-31-2026
A.57Flight instructor with a sport pilot rating to train sport pilots on flight by reference to instruments: 14 CFR § 61.412.
This endorsement from an instructor certificated under 14 CFR part 61 subpart H to a flight instructor with a sport pilot rating (14 CFR part 61 subpart K) authorizes the 14 CFR part 61 subpart K instructor to train sport pilot candidates on control and maneuvering an airplane solely by reference to the instruments.
I certify that I have given [First name, MI, Last name] 3 hours of flight training and 1 hour of ground instruction specific to providing flight training on control and maneuvering an airplane solely by reference to the instruments in accordance with 14 CFR § 61.412. I have determined that they are proficient and authorized to provide training on control and maneuvering an airplane solely by reference to the flight instruments to this instructor’s sport pilot candidate, who intends to operate an aircraft with a VH greater than 87 KCAS on a cross-country flight.
/s/ [date] Subpart H Instructor 987654321 RE 12-31-2026
A.58Spin training: 14 CFR § 61.405(b)(1)(ii).
This spin training endorsement is only required for flight instructor airplane and flight instructor glider applicants.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.405(b)(1)(ii). I have determined that they are competent and possess instructional proficiency in stall awareness, spin entry, spins, and spin recovery procedures.
Ground instructor endorsement
A.59Ground instructor who does not meet the recent experience requirements: 14 CFR § 61.217(d).
This endorsement is issued by an authorized instructor (ground or flight) as defined in 14 CFR § 61.1(b).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has demonstrated knowledge in the subject areas prescribed for a [basic, advanced, instrument] ground instructor under 14 CFR § 61.213(a)(3) and (a)(4), as appropriate.
Robinson R-22/R-44 (SFAR 73) endorsements
A.60R-22/R-44 ground training: SFAR 73, section 2(a)(1) or (2).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name, Pilot Certificate No. ] has received the ground training required by SFAR 73, section 2(a)(3)(i)–(v).
A.61R-22 solo endorsement: SFAR 73, section 2(b)(3).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name, Pilot Certificate No. ] meets the experience requirements of SFAR 73, section 2(b)(3) and has been given training specified by SFAR 73, section 2(b)(3)(i)–(iv). They have been found proficient to solo the R-22 helicopter.
A.62R-22 PIC endorsement: SFAR 73, section 2(b)(1)(ii).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name, Pilot Certificate No. ] has been given training specified by SFAR 73, section 2(b)(1)(ii)(A)–(D) for Robinson R-22 helicopters and is proficient to act as pilot in command. An annual flight review must be completed by [date 12 calendar months after date of this endorsement] unless the requirements of SFAR 73, section 2(b)(1)(i) are met.
A.63R-22 flight instructor endorsement: SFAR 73, section 2(b)(5)(iv).
This endorsement may only be issued by an FAA aviation safety inspector (ASI) or authorized designated examiner per SFAR 73, section 2(b)(5)(iv).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], holder of CFI Certificate No. [ ], meets the experience requirements and has completed the flight training specified by SFAR 73, section 2(b)(5)(i)–(ii) and (iii)(A)–(D), and has demonstrated an ability to provide instruction on the general subject areas of SFAR 73, section 2(a)(3) and the flight training identified in SFAR 73, section 2(b)(5)(iii) in a Robinson R-22 helicopter.
/s/ [date] J. J. Jones DPE Designation Number, Exp. 12-31-2026; or
/s/ [date] I. M. Inspector FAA Aviation Safety Inspector
A.64Flight review in an R-22 helicopter: SFAR 73, section 2(c)(1) and (3).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name, Pilot Certificate No. ] has satisfactorily completed the flight review in an R-22 required by 14 CFR § 61.56 and SFAR 73, section 2(c)(1) and (3), on [date of flight review].
A.65R-44 solo endorsement: SFAR 73, section 2(b)(4).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name, Pilot Certificate No. ] meets the experience requirements of SFAR 73, section 2(b)(4) and has been given training specified by SFAR 73, section 2(b)(4)(i)–(iv). They have been found proficient to solo the R-44 helicopter.
A.66R-44 PIC endorsement: SFAR 73, section 2(b)(2)(ii).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name, Pilot Certificate No. ] has been given training specified by SFAR 73, section 2(b)(2)(ii)(A)–(D) for Robinson R-44 helicopters and is proficient to act as pilot in command. An annual flight review must be completed by [date 12 calendar months after date of this endorsement] unless the requirements of SFAR 73, section 2(b)(2)(i) are met.
A.67R-44 flight instructor endorsement: SFAR 73, section 2(b)(5)(iv).
This endorsement may only be issued by an FAA ASI or authorized Designated Pilot Examiner (DPE) per SFAR 73, section 2(b)(5)(iv).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], holder of CFI Certificate No. [ ], meets the experience requirements and has completed the flight training specified by SFAR 73, section 2(b)(5)(i)–(ii) and (iii)(A)–(D), and has demonstrated an ability to provide instruction on the general subject areas of SFAR 73, section 2(a)(3) and the flight training identified in SFAR 73, section 2(b)(5)(iii) in a Robinson R-44 helicopter.
/s/ [date] J. J. Jones DPE Designation Number, Exp. 12-31-2026; or
/s/ [date] I. M. Inspector FAA Aviation Safety Inspector
A.68Flight review in an R-44 helicopter: SFAR 73, section 2(c)(2) and (3).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name, Pilot Certificate No. ] has satisfactorily completed the flight review in an R-44 required by 14 CFR § 61.56 and SFAR 73, section 2(c)(2) and (3), on [date of flight review].
Additional endorsements: flight review, IPC, complex, high performance, tailwheel, and more
A.69Completion of a flight review: 14 CFR § 61.56(a) and (c).
No logbook entry reflecting unsatisfactory performance on a flight review is required.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has satisfactorily completed a flight review of 14 CFR § 61.56(a) on [date].
A.70Completion of any phase of an FAA-sponsored Pilot Proficiency Program (WINGS): 14 CFR § 61.56(e).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has satisfactorily completed Level: [Basic/Advanced/Master, as appropriate], PHASE NO. [..] OF A WINGS PROGRAM ON [DATE].
A.71Completion of an instrument proficiency check (IPC): 14 CFR § 61.57(d).
No logbook entry reflecting unsatisfactory performance on an IPC is required.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has satisfactorily completed the instrument proficiency check of 14 CFR § 61.57(d) in a [M/M] aircraft on [date].
A.72To act as PIC in a complex airplane: 14 CFR § 61.31(e).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.31(e) in a [M/M] complex airplane. I have determined that they are proficient in the operation and systems of a complex airplane.
A.73To act as PIC in a high-performance airplane: 14 CFR § 61.31(f).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.31(f) in a [M/M] high-performance airplane. I have determined that they are proficient in the operation and systems of a high-performance airplane.
A.74To act as PIC in a pressurized aircraft capable of high-altitude operations: 14 CFR § 61.31(g).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.31(g) in a [M/M] pressurized aircraft. I have determined that they are proficient in the operation and systems of a pressurized aircraft.
A.75To act as PIC in a tailwheel airplane: 14 CFR § 61.31(i).
This endorsement may be given in a sport pilot aircraft by a sport pilot instructor or in an airplane by a flight instructor with a rating other than a sport pilot rating.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.31(i) in a [M/M] of tailwheel airplane. I have determined that they are proficient in the operation of a tailwheel airplane.
A.76To act as PIC of an aircraft in solo operations when the pilot does not hold an appropriate category/class rating: 14 CFR § 61.31(d)(2).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the training as required by 14 CFR § 61.31(d)(2) to serve as a pilot in command in a [specific category and class] of aircraft. I have determined that they are prepared to solo that [M/M] aircraft. Limitations: [optional].
A.77Retesting after failure of a knowledge or practical test: 14 CFR § 61.49.
In the case of a failed knowledge test, the instructor may complete the endorsement in the space provided at the bottom of the applicant’s Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR). The instructor must sign the block provided for the instructor’s recommendation on the reverse side of FAA Form 8710-1, Airman Certificate and/or Rating Application, for each retake of a practical test.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the additional [flight and/or ground, as appropriate] training as required by 14 CFR § 61.49. I have determined that they are proficient to pass the [name of] knowledge/practical test.
A.78Additional aircraft category or class rating (other than ATP): 14 CFR § 61.63(b) or (c).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has received the required training for an additional [aircraft category/class rating]. I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] practical test for the addition of a [name of specific aircraft category/class/type] type rating.
A.79Type rating only, already holds the appropriate category or class rating (other than ATP): 14 CFR § 61.63(d)(2).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.63(d)(2) for an addition of a [name of] type rating.
A.80Type rating concurrently with an additional category or class rating (other than ATP): 14 CFR § 61.63(d)(2).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.63(d)(2) for an addition of a [name of specific category/class/type] type rating. I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] practical test for the addition of a [name of specific aircraft category/class/type] type rating.
A.81Type rating only, already holds the appropriate category or class rating (at the ATP level): 14 CFR § 61.157(b)(2).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.157(b)(2) for an addition of a [name of] type rating.
A.82Type rating concurrently with an additional category or class rating (at the ATP level): 14 CFR § 61.157(b)(2).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name] has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.157(b)(2) for an addition of a [name of the specific category/class/type] type rating.
A.83Launch procedures for operating a glider: 14 CFR § 61.31(j).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has received the required training in a glider [M/M] for [ground-tow, aerotow, self-launch] procedure. I have determined that they are proficient in [ground-tow, aerotow, self-launch] procedure.
A.84Glider and unpowered ultralight vehicle towing experience: 14 CFR § 61.69(a)(5).
This endorsement is made by the pilot who is qualified per 14 CFR § 61.69(c) and (d) and who conducted the flights. This endorsement does not have to be made by a flight instructor.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has accomplished at least three flights in an aircraft while towing [a glider or unpowered ultralight vehicle, or while simulating towing flight procedures, as applicable].
/s/ [date] J. J. Jones 987654321
A.85Glider and unpowered ultralight vehicle towing ground and flight: 14 CFR § 61.69(a)(3).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has received the required ground and flight training in [a glider or unpowered ultralight vehicle, as applicable]. I have determined that they are proficient in the techniques and procedures essential to the safe towing of [gliders or unpowered vehicles, as applicable], including airspeed limitations, emergency procedures, signals used, and maximum angles of bank.
A.86Review of a home-study curriculum: 14 CFR § 61.35(a)(1).
Note: This endorsement cannot be used for the ATP Airplane Multiengine Knowledge Test.
I certify I have reviewed the home-study curriculum of [First name, MI, Last name]. I have determined that they are prepared for the [name of] knowledge test.
A.87Aeronautical experience credit—ultralight vehicles: 14 CFR § 61.52.
I certify that I have reviewed the records of [First name, MI, Last name], as required by 14 CFR § 61.52(c). I have determined that they may use [number of hours] aeronautical experience obtained in an ultralight vehicle to meet the requirements for [certificate/rating/privilege].
Night vision goggle operations (NVGO) endorsements
A.88Endorsement required for ground training to act as PIC of an aircraft using night vision goggles (NVG): 14 CFR § 61.31(k)(1).
This training and endorsement must be given by an authorized instructor, which is one who meets the requirements of 14 CFR § 61.195(k)(1)–(7). Refer to 14 CFR § 61.31(k)(3) for exceptions to this required ground training.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has received the ground training required by 14 CFR § 61.31(k)(1), (i) through (v) to conduct night vision goggle operations.
A.89Endorsement required for flight training and statement of proficiency to act as PIC of an aircraft using NVG: 14 CFR § 61.31(k)(2).
This training and endorsement must be given by an authorized instructor, which is one who meets the requirements of 14 CFR § 61.195(k)(1)–(7). Refer to 14 CFR § 61.31(k)(3) for exceptions to this required flight training.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has received the flight training on night vision goggle operations required by 14 CFR § 61.31(k)(2), (i) through (iv). I find them proficient in the use of night vision goggles.
A.90Endorsement required to provide training for NVGOs: 14 CFR § 61.195(k)(7).
“Position,” as mentioned in the signature block of the endorsement, is a person who is authorized by the FAA to provide that logbook endorsement. Refer to FAA Order 8900.1, Flight Standards Information Management System.
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], holder of CFI Certificate No. [ ], meets the night vision goggle instructor requirements of 14 CFR § 61.195(k) and is authorized to perform the night vision goggle pilot-in-command qualification and recent flight experience requirements under 14 CFR §§ 61.31(k) and 61.57(f) and (g). This endorsement does not provide the authority to endorse another flight instructor as a night vision goggle instructor.
/s/ [date] I. M. Inspector 987654321CFI RE Date 12-31-24 Position
Enhanced flight vision system (EFVS) endorsements
A.91Endorsement for EFVS ground training: 14 CFR § 61.66(a).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [pilot certificate], [certificate number], has satisfactorily completed the ground training required by 14 CFR § 61.66(a) appropriate to the [appropriate aircraft category] category of aircraft.
A.92Endorsement for EFVS flight training: 14 CFR § 61.66(b).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [pilot certificate], [certificate number], has received the flight training required by 14 CFR § 61.66(b) and is proficient in the use of EFVS in the [appropriate aircraft category in which the flight training was conducted] category of aircraft for EFVS operations conducted under [14 CFR § 91.176(a), (b), or both 14 CFR § 91.176(a) and (b)].
A.93Endorsement for EFVS ground and flight training: 14 CFR § 61.66(a) and (b).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [pilot certificate], [certificate number], has satisfactorily completed the ground training required by 14 CFR § 61.66(a) and has received the flight training required by 14 CFR § 61.66(b) for EFVS operations and is proficient in the use of EFVS in the [appropriate aircraft category in which the ground and flight training was conducted] category of aircraft for EFVS operations conducted under [14 CFR § 91.176(a), (b), or both 14 CFR § 91.176(a) and (b)].
A.94Endorsement for EFVS supplementary training: 14 CFR § 61.66(c).
I certify that [First name, MI, Last name], [pilot certificate], [certificate number], has satisfactorily completed the required ground and flight training required by 14 CFR § 61.66(c) for EFVS operations and is proficient in the use of EFVS in the [appropriate aircraft category in which the supplementary ground and flight training was conducted] category of aircraft for EFVS operations conducted under [14 CFR § 91.176(a), (b), or both 14 CFR § 91.176(a) and (b)].
Simplified flight controls endorsements
A.95To act as PIC in an aircraft with a simplified flight controls designation: 14 CFR §§ 61.31(l) and 61.45(h)(1).
I certify that [First Name, MI, Last Name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.31(l)(1) in a [M/M] aircraft with simplified flight controls designation. I have determined that [pilot name] is proficient in the operation of an [category and class, M/M] aircraft with simplified flight controls.
A.96Initial cadre training in an aircraft with simplified flight controls: 14 CFR § 61.195(n).
I certify that [First Name, MI, Last Name], [grade of pilot certificate], [certificate number], has received the required training of 14 CFR § 61.195(n)(2)(ii) in a [M/M] aircraft with simplified flight controls designation. I have determined that [pilot name] is proficient in the operation of an [category and class, M/M] aircraft with simplified flight controls.
Signature of Instructor Pilot _________ Print Name _____________ Cert No. _________ Date ______
Where TopLog fits
Endorsements live on paper — keep them when you digitize
Your endorsements are part of your logbook record, and most of them exist only as ink on a paper page. When pilots digitize a paper logbook, the flight entries become searchable data — but the endorsed pages themselves still matter for checkrides, applications, and audits.
TopLog photographs your paper pages to extract the flight entries, so the source images of every page — including endorsement pages — stay with your records. Keep the paper originals too; the digital logbook is a working copy and backup, not a replacement for a signed endorsement.
If you are starting a paper-to-digital project, the guide to digitizing a paper pilot logbook covers the workflow, and the digital logbook comparison covers where to keep the finished records.
FAQ
What is AC 61-65?
AC 61-65 is the FAA advisory circular that provides guidance for pilot and instructor certification under 14 CFR part 61, including the recommended sample endorsements instructors write in pilot logbooks. Appendix A contains the full set of sample endorsement texts.
Is AC 61-65J still current?
No. AC 61-65J (October 30, 2024) has been cancelled and replaced by AC 61-65K, effective November 14, 2025. AC 61-65K is the current edition, and the endorsements on this page are reproduced from it.
What must a logbook endorsement include?
Each endorsement must be legible and include the instructor's signature, the date of signature, the CFI or ground instructor certificate number, and the flight instructor recent experience end date or certificate expiration date, as applicable. The instructor may optionally include a printed name.
Do student pilot solo endorsements expire?
Solo flight endorsements are valid for 90 calendar days, which is why AC 61-65K provides separate endorsements for the first 90-day period (A.6) and each additional 90-day period (A.7). The pre-solo night flight training endorsement also expires 90 calendar days after the training was received.
Can endorsements go in an electronic logbook?
The FAA accepts electronic records for logging flight time, and endorsements may be kept in other records acceptable to the Administrator. In practice, most instructors still endorse the paper logbook. If you digitize your logbook, keep the original endorsed pages (or clear photos of them) as the source record.
Who can give a logbook endorsement?
Most endorsements come from an authorized flight instructor or ground instructor. A few are made by others: the restricted-ATP academic statements come from an authorized institution of higher education, and some sport pilot and Robinson SFAR 73 endorsements can be made by examiners or FAA inspectors.
This page is a convenience reference, not legal advice or flight instruction. Endorsement texts are reproduced from FAA AC 61-65K, Appendix A. Verify against the current AC on faa.gov before relying on any endorsement.